Palavras-chave
System Justification
Racism
Sexism
Homophobia
Como Citar
Resumo
A violência contra grupos minoritários predomina, apesar das normas sociais que prescrevem a não violência, porque é legitimada em sociedades democráticas. É provável que, quando os indivíduos se deparam com a ocorrência de violência em seu meio social, a justifiquem em virtude da tendência de perceberem os eventos sociais como justos, legítimos e necessários. Abordamos essa possibilidade em dois estudos experimentais nos quais manipulamos o grupo minoritário vítima de violência (negros x mulheres x gays x controle). No Estudo 1 (N = 104), os participantes culparam mais as mulheres por sua própria vitimização; culparam menos o agressor quando a vítima era negra e descreveram a violência homofóbica como uma questão social semelhante à violência comum que ocorre na sociedade. O Estudo 2 (N = 217) foi além mostrando que esses efeitos ocorreram especialmente quando os participantes foram solicitados a responder conforme o que a sociedade pensa. Discutimos as explicações para a violência como exemplos da tendência dos indivíduos de justificar o sistema social e fornecemos novos insights para a pesquisa de vitimização secundária.
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