Palabras clave
afecto positivo y negativo
significado de vida
resiliencia
conductas de afrontamiento
Cómo citar
Resumen
En la etapa inicial de propagación del COVID-19 en 2020, en España se mantuvo un estricto confinamiento en el hogar durante más de cincuenta días, quedando interrumpidas la mayoría de actividades sociales y económicas. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar las respuestas afectivas y de bienestar durante el periodo inicial de confinamiento. Específicamente, se analiza: 1) el riesgo percibido según el perfil sociodemográfico y de salud; 2) la relación entre las características socio-ambientales del confinamiento, el afecto positivo y negativo y la significación vital; 3) la relación entre las actividades realizadas por las personas confinadas y el bienestar. Participaron en este estudio correlacional y trasversal 1343 residentes en España. Los resultados muestran una relación significativa entre riesgo percibido para la salud y riesgo económico asociados al confinamiento. Se identificó mayor riesgo para la salud entre las personas de más edad y pertenecientes a grupos de alto riesgo. Una alta resiliencia se relacionó con menor afecto negativo y mayor afecto positivo y significación vital. En relación con las características socio-ambientales, quienes vivían con otras personas informaron más afecto negativo que las personas que vivían solas. A su vez, el uso de espacios al aire libre se relacionó con el afecto positivo. Las personas que participaban con frecuencia en actividades comunitarias o de ayuda a los demás también presentaban mayor afecto positivo y significación vital. Un menor afecto negativo solo se asociaba con la práctica de ejercicio físico.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Ernesto Suárez, Gladys Rolo-González, Gabriel Muinos, Cristina Chinea-Montesdeoca, Isabel Duarte-Lores, Domingo Gil-Giménez