Abstract
Background: Process-Based Therapy (PBT) focuses on understanding and guiding individual change processes, diverging from group-based analyses. The approach tailor’s treatment to address individual issues, emphasizing measurable change processes for effective treatment, while recognizing that effective treatments are not constrained by a specific therapeutic orientation or strategy. The process-based assessment tool (PBAT) was developed to provide researchers and practitioners with a guide to a minimal viable set of process-based items. The PBAT is an item pool designed for intensive longitudinal clinical assessment, developed based on the PBT model. Objective: The present study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the PBAT into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: The cross-cultural adaptation process balances literal translation components from one language to the other and an adaptation process that takes into account the culture of the target population. The cross-cultural adaptation process occurred in four major steps: i) translation process; ii) back translation process; iii) evaluation of the semantic equivalence of the preliminary Portuguese version; and iv) pre-test. Result: The analysis of the results from the target population's evaluation was predominantly qualitative, supplemented with indicators such as the Content Validity Index (CVI) to identify potential items requiring adjustments. The results may suggest the effectiveness of the iterative refinement process, potentially increasing confidence in the accuracy and relevance of the translated PBAT for the Portuguese-speaking population. Conclusion: Future research endeavors may benefit from the translated PBAT, enabling a comprehensive exploration of within-person processes and fostering advancements in evidence-based practices.
References
Alvarenga, M. A. S., Flores-Mendoza, C. E., & Gontijo, D. F. (2009). Evolução do DSM quanto ao critério categorial de diagnóstico para o distúrbio da personalidade antissocial. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 58(4), 258-266. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852009000400007
Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(24), 3186-3191. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
Borsa, J. C., Damásio, B. F., & Bandeira, D. R. (2012). Adaptação e validação de instrumentos psicológicos entre culturas: Algumas considerações. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 22(53), 423-432. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-863X2012000300014
Cassepp-Borges, V., Balbinotti, M. A., & Teodoro, M. L. (2010). Tradução e validação de conteúdo: Uma proposta para a adaptação de instrumentos. Instrumentação Psicológica: Fundamentos e Práticas, 506-520.
Ciarrochi, J., Sahdra, B., Hofmann, S. G., & Hayes, S. C. (2022). Developing an item pool to assess processes of change in psychological interventions: The Process-Based Assessment Tool (PBAT). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 23, 200-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.02.001
Fried, E. I. (2022). Studying mental health problems as systems, not syndromes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(6), 500-508. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221114089
Fried, E. I., Van Borkulo, C. D., Cramer, A. O. J., Boschloo, L., Schoevers, R. A., & Borsboom, D. (2017). Mental disorders as networks of problems: A review of recent insights. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1319-z
Hambleton, R. K. (1996). Guidelines for adapting educational and psychological tests.
Hambleton, R. K., & Li, S. (2005). Translation and adaptation issues and methods for educational and psychological tests.
Hayes, S. C., & Hofmann, S. G. (Eds.). (2018). Process-based CBT: The science and core clinical competencies of cognitive behavioral therapy. New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
Hayes, S. C., Hofmann, S. G., & Ciarrochi, J. (2020). A process-based approach to psychological diagnosis and treatment: The conceptual and treatment utility of an extended evolutionary meta model. Clinical Psychology Review, 82, 101908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101908
Hektner, J. M., Schmidt, J. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2007). Experience sampling method: Measuring the quality of everyday life. Sage Publications.
Hofmann, S. G., & Curtiss, J. (2018). A complex network approach to clinical science. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 48(8), e12986. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12986
Hofmann, S. G., & Hayes, S. C. (2019). The future of intervention science: Process-based therapy. Clinical Psychological Science, 7(1), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618772296
Hofmann, S. G., Hayes, S. C., & Lorscheid, D. N. (2021). Learning process-based therapy: A skills training manual for targeting the core processes of psychological change in clinical practice. Context Press, an imprint of New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
Kendler, K. S., Zachar, P., & Craver, C. (2011). What kinds of things are psychiatric disorders? Psychological Medicine, 41(6), 1143-1150. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291710001844
Molenaar, P. C. M. (2008). Consequences of the ergodic theorems for classical test theory, factor analysis, and the analysis of developmental processes. In S. Hofer & D. Alwin (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive aging: Interdisciplinary perspectives (pp. 90–104). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412976589.n5
Ong, C. W., Hayes, S. C., & Hofmann, S. G. (2022). A process-based approach to cognitive behavioral therapy: A theory-based case illustration. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1002849. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002849
Reichenheim, M. E., & Moraes, C. L. (2007). Operacionalização de adaptação transcultural de instrumentos de aferição usados em epidemiologia. Revista de Saúde Pública, 41(4), 665-673. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102006005000035
Sanford, B. T., Ciarrochi, J., Hofmann, S. G., Chin, F., Gates, K. M., & Hayes, S. C. (2022). Toward empirical process-based case conceptualization: An idionomic network examination of the process-based assessment tool. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 25, 10-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.05.006
Vainapel, S., Shamir, O. Y., Tenenbaum, Y., & Gilam, G. (2015). The dark side of gendered language: The masculine-generic form as a cause for self-report bias. Psychological Assessment, 27(4), 1513-1519. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000156
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriel Talask, Fernanda de Oliveira Paveltchuk, Carlos Augusto Silva Cardoso Diogo, Vinícius do Carmo Oliveira de Lemos, Laura Sengès Carreras, Rafael Thomaz da Costa, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Carmem Beatriz Neufeld, Marcele Regine de Carvalho